現在分詞
現在分詞普遍用於動詞進行式的一部份、感知動詞後、行進動詞後或用作形容詞。
現在分詞用作動詞進行式的一部份
現在分詞是所有進行式時態的動詞的要素，包括過去進行式、現在進行式、未來進行式、進行條件式等。助動詞會表明時態，而現在分詞則維持不變。
舉例
He is painting.
She was waiting.
They will be coming.
We would be staying.
I would have been leaving.
在感知動詞後的現在分詞
現在分詞可以用在感知動詞後，表達被感受到的動作。句型為：動詞 + 受詞 + 現在分詞。
舉例
We saw him swimming across the pond.
I watched her painting Sarah's portrait.
I couldn't hear her singing because of the noise.
I would like to see you knitting sometime.
表示行進、動作或姿勢的動詞後面接現在分詞，表達並行的動作。
舉例
She sat looking at the sea.
He walks reading his newspaper.
I cook listening to the radio.
Sally lay listening to the bugs in the grass.
將現在分詞用作形容詞
舉例
Did you read that amazing book?
This movie is so exciting!
His economics class is boring.
進一步了解如何使用現在分詞。
動名詞
動名詞雖然看起來像動詞，但它跟名詞的作用和用法都一樣。
將動名詞用作句子的主詞
舉例
Eating people is wrong.
Driving too fast is dangerous.
Walking is good for you.
Your knitting is beautiful.
介系詞後接動名詞
舉例
Can you sneeze without opening your mouth?
She is good at painting.
I was the fastest at climbing the rope.
He learns music by listening to the chords.
在特定動詞後加動名詞
舉例
I like cooking.
He enjoys walking.
They hate milking cows.
I can imagine drifting away in a balloon.
複合名詞中的動名詞
舉例
I took her to her driving lessons.
We are going to the swimming pool.
My uncle does a lot of bird-watching.
I found this pie by dumpster-diving.
進一步了解如何使用動名詞。